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Kidney transplantation involves receiving a kidney from a deceased or living donor. While kidney transplants are regularly performed in Latvia, due to limited donor resources, numbers are insufficient.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) utilizes the peritoneum as natural filter to cleanse the blood of waste products.

A soft tube, or catheter, is surgically inserted into the abdominal wall to facilitate this process.

The catheter remains permanently in place.

Hemodialysis is a procedure that purifies the blood by passing it through a filter known as an "artificial kidney" or dialyzer.

Dialysis is a filtration process. In 1961, Thomas Graham discovered that a parchment membrane immersed in water allowed salts to pass through while retaining proteins.

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys are unable to perform their basic function - effectively remove metabolic waste products and excess fluid from the body.

The kidneys are paired organs that filter waste products and excess fluid from the blood, producing urine.

While pain can be a direct indicator of an issue, serious kidney problems may sometimes occur without pain.